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  GENERAL LENS ELEMENTS  

  • FOCAL POINT

  • The point where the parallel rays of light meet after passing through a lens.

  • FOCAL LENGTH

  • The distance between focal point and the sensor that is meaured in mm.

  LEARN THESE BASICS  

  • SHUTTER SPEED(ss)

  • Being placed exactly in front of image sensor, it controls the speed of light entering the lens through the aperture.                                                 

  • A faster shutter speed ie. higher numbers will let in a small amount of light and a slower shutter speed will let more amount of light.           

  • Higher shutter speeds are used to obtain clearer images of moving objects (But the lighting conditions should be good).
     

  • APERTURE (f/no.)

  • This opening in a lens controls the amount of light entering the camera.                                                  

  • Wider opening lets in more amount of light-allowing a better focus on a particular object, narrow opening lets in less amount of light.                                                              

  • Aperture is denoted by f numbers,
    Smaller number giver wide and large numbers give narrow openings.

  • ISO (Increase sensitivity)

  •  Its the time required to capture any image.                                                              

  • A sensitive ISO ie higher number will require less time to capture any image and viceversa.                                             

  • A lower ISO is used to capture images unless the light conditions are poor.         

  • Poor lighting condition may require higher ISO but may give you noisy images. 

  TYPES OF LENSES  

Wide angle lens

  • This lens ranges between 20mm to 40mm 

  • Wide angle as the name suggests captures a wider frame of view as the focal length is small.

  • Suggested for Landscape, Cityscape, Arieal view.

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Prime lens

  • This lens is is a block lens having only a fixed distance of focal length being      50 mm, 85 mm

  • One has to travel a distance to zoom in or zoom out on a subject.

  • Suggested for Portrait, food photography.

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Macro lens

  • This lens also provides a block range ie fixed focal length but with 1:1 magnification which is the speciality of this lens

  • Suggested for extremely miniature objects and beings

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Standard lens

  • This lens may range anywhere between 35 mm to 300 mm.

  • This enables you to zoom between variable focal lengths.

  • Many types of photography are possible through this lens

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Telephoto lens

  • This is a speciality lens which has a large focal length and ranges between 70 mm to 400 mm

  • This helps you zoom over a longer distance .

  • Suggested for wildlife, sports Photography

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